| Oracle® Database Vault Administrator's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) E23090-10 |
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PDF · Mobi · ePub |
| Oracle® Database Vault Administrator's Guide 11g Release 2 (11.2) E23090-10 |
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PDF · Mobi · ePub |
This chapter contains:
Oracle Database Vault provides a set of DBA-style data dictionary views that can be accessed through the DV_SECANALYST role or the DV_ADMIN role. (Alternatively, you can run reports on Oracle Database Vault. See Chapter 18, "Oracle Database Vault Reports," for more information.) These views provide access to the various underlying Oracle Database Vault tables in the DVSYS and LBACSYS schemas without exposing the primary and foreign key columns that may be present. These views are intended for the database administrative user to report on the state of the Oracle Database Vault configuration without having to perform the joins required to get the labels for codes that are stored in the core tables or from the related tables.
The DBA_DV_CODE data dictionary view lists generic lookup codes for the user interface, error messages, constraint checking, and so on. These codes are used for the user interface, views, and for validating input in a translatable fashion.
For example:
SELECT CODE, VALUE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_CODE WHERE CODE_GROUP = 'BOOLEAN';
Output similar to the following appears:
CODE VALUE ------- -------- Y True N False
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
CODE_GROUP |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Displays one of the following code groups:
|
CODE |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Boolean code used; either Y (yes) or N (no). |
VALUE |
VARCHAR(4000) |
Boolean value used; either True if the Boolean code is Y or False if the Boolean code is N. |
|
LANGUAGE |
VARCHAR(3) |
NOT NULL |
Language for this installation of Oracle Database Vault.
See Adding Languages to Oracle Database Vault for a list of supported languages. |
DESCRIPTION |
VARCHAR(1024) |
Brief description of the code group. |
The DBA_DV_COMMAND_RULE data dictionary view lists the SQL statements that are protected by command rules. See Chapter 6, "Configuring Command Rules," for more information about command rules.
For example:
SELECT COMMAND, RULE_SET_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_COMMAND_RULE;
Output similar to the following appears:
COMMAND RULE_SET_NAME --------------- ----------------------------- GRANT Can Grant VPD Administration REVOKE Can Grant VPD Administration ALTER SYSTEM Allow System Parameters ALTER USER Can Maintain Own Account CREATE USER Can Maintain Account/Profiles DROP USER Can Maintain Account/Profiles CREATE PROFILE Can Maintain Account/Profiles DROP PROFILE Can Maintain Account/Profiles ALTER PROFILE Can Maintain Account/Profiles
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
COMMAND |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the command rule. For a list of default command rules, see Default Command Rules. |
RULE_SET_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the rule set associated with this command rule. |
OBJECT_OWNER |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
The owner of the object that the command rule affects. |
OBJECT_NAME |
VARCHAR(128) |
NOT NULL |
The name of the database object the command rule affects (for example, a database table). |
ENABLED |
VARCHAR(1) |
NOT NULL |
Y indicates the command rule is enabled; N indicates it is disabled. |
The DBA_DV_FACTOR data dictionary view lists the existing factors in the current database instance.
For example:
SELECT NAME, GET_EXPR FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_FACTOR WHERE NAME = 'Session_User';
Output similar to the following appears:
NAME GET_EXPR
------------- ---------------------------------------------
Session_User UPPER(SYS_CONTEXT('USERENV', 'SESSION_USER'))
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
NAME |
VARCHAR2(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the factor. See "Default Factors" for a list of default factors. |
DESCRIPTION |
VARCHAR2(4000) |
Description of the factor. | |
FACTOR_TYPE_NAME |
VARCHAR2(90) |
NOT NULL |
Category of the factor, which is used to classify the purpose of the factor. |
ASSIGN_RULE_SET_NAME |
VARCHAR2(90) |
Rule set used to control the identify of the factor. | |
GET_EXPR |
VARCHAR2(1024) |
PL/SQL expression that retrieves the identity of a factor. | |
VALIDATE_EXPR |
VARCHAR2(1024) |
PL/SQL expression used to validate the identify of the factor. It returns a Boolean value. | |
IDENTIFIED_BY |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Determines the identity of a factor, based on the expression listed in the GET_EXPR column. Possible values are:
|
IDENTIFIED_BY_MEANING |
VARCHAR2(4000) |
Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the IDENTIFIED_BY column. Possible values are:
|
|
LABELED_BY |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Determines the labeling the factor:
|
LABELED_BY_MEANING |
VARCHAR2(4000) |
Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the LABELED_BY column. Possible values are:
|
|
EVAL_OPTIONS |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Determines how the factor is evaluated when the user logs on:
|
EVAL_OPTIONS_MEANING |
VARCHAR2(4000) |
Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the EVAL_OPTIONS column. Possible values are:
|
|
AUDIT_OPTIONS |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Option for auditing the factor if you want to generate a custom Oracle Database Vault audit record. Possible values are:
|
FAIL_OPTIONS |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Options for reporting factor errors:
|
FAIL_OPTIONS_MEANING |
VARCHAR2(4000) |
Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the FAIL_OPTIONS column. Possible values are:
|
The DBA_DV_FACTOR_LINK data dictionary view shows the relationships of each factor whose identity is determined by the association of child factors. The view contains one entry for each parent factor and child factor. You can use this view to resolve the relationships from the factor links to identity maps.
For example:
SELECT PARENT_FACTOR_NAME, CHILD_FACTOR_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_FACTOR_LINK;
Output similar to the following appears:
PARENT_FACTOR_NAME CHILD_FACTOR_NAME ------------------------------ ------------------------------ Domain Database_Instance Domain Database_IP Domain Database_Hostname
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
PARENT_FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the parent factor. |
CHILD_FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the child factor of the parent factor. |
LABEL_IND |
VARCHAR(1) |
NOT NULL |
Indicates whether the child factor that is linked to the parent factor contributes to the label of the parent factor in an Oracle Label Security integration. Possible values are:
|
The DBA_DV_FACTOR_TYPE data dictionary view lists the names and descriptions of factor types used in the system.
For example:
SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_FACTOR_TYPE WHERE NAME = 'Hostname';
Output similar to the following appears:
NAME DESCRIPTION --------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Time Time-based factor
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the factor type. |
DESCRIPTION |
VARCHAR(1024) |
Description of the factor type. |
The DBA_DV_IDENTITY data dictionary view lists the identities for each factor.
For example:
SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_IDENTITY WHERE VALUE = 'GLOBAL SHARED';
Output similar to the following appears, assuming you have created only one factor identity:
FACTOR_NAME VALUE TRUST_LEVEL ---------------- -------------- ------------ Identification_Type GLOBAL SHARED 1
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the factor. |
VALUE |
VARCHAR(1024) |
NOT NULL |
Value of the factor. |
TRUST_LEVEL |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Number that indicates the magnitude of trust relative to other identities for the same factor. |
The DBA_DV_IDENTITY_MAP data dictionary view lists the mappings for each factor identity. The view includes mapping factors that are identified by other factors to combinations of parent-child factor links. For each factor, the maps are joined by the OR operation, and for different factors, the maps are joined by the AND operation.
You can use this view to resolve the identity for factors that are identified by other factors (for example, a domain) or for factors that have continuous domains (for example, Age or Temperature).
For example:
SELECT FACTOR_NAME, IDENTITY_VALUE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_IDENTITY_MAP;
Output similar to the following appears:
FACTOR_NAME IDENTITY_VALUE ---------------- -------------------- Sector2_Program Accounting-Sensitive
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Factor the identity map is for. |
IDENTITY_VALUE |
VARCHAR(1024) |
NOT NULL |
Value the factor assumes if the identity map evaluates to TRUE. |
OPERATION_VALUE |
VARCHAR(4000) |
Relational operator for the identity map (for example, <, >, =, and so on) | |
OPERAND1 |
VARCHAR(1024) |
Left operand for the relational operator; refers to the low value you enter. | |
OPERAND2 |
VARCHAR(1024) |
Right operand for the relational operator; refers to the high value you enter. | |
PARENT_FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
The parent factor link to which the map is related. | |
CHILD_FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
The child factor link to which the map is related. | |
LABEL_IND |
VARCHAR(1) |
Indicates whether the child factor being linked to the parent factor contributes to the label of the parent factor in an Oracle Label Security integration. Possible values are:
|
The DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY data dictionary view lists the Oracle Label Security policies defined for use with Oracle Database Vault.
For example:
SELECT POLICY_NAME, ALGORITHM_CODE, ALGORITHM_MEANING FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY;
Output similar to the following appears:
POLICY_NAME ALGORITHM_CODE ALGORITHM_MEANING --------------- ----------------- ----------------------- ACCESS_DATA LUI Minimum Level/Union/Intersection
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
POLICY_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the policy. |
ALGORITHM_CODE |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Merge algorithm code used for the policy. See Table 12-57 for a listing of algorithm codes. |
ALGORITHM_MEANING |
VARCHAR(4000) |
Provides a text description for the corresponding value in the ALGORITHM_CODE column. See Table 12-57 for a listing of algorithm code descriptions. |
|
ERROR_LABEL |
VARCHAR(4000) |
Label specified for initialization errors, to be set when a configuration error or run-time error occurs during session initialization. |
The DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY data dictionary view lists the factors that are associated with Oracle Label Security policies.
You can use this view to determine what factors contribute to the maximum session label for each policy using the DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY view.
For example:
SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_MAC_POLICY_FACTOR;
Output similar to the following appears:
FACTOR_NAME MAC_POLICY_NAME -------------- ------------------ App_Host_Name Access Locations
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the factor. |
MAC_POLICY_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the Oracle Label Security policy associated with this factor. |
The DBA_DV_POLICY_LABEL data dictionary view lists the Oracle Label Security label for each factor identifier in the DBA_DV_IDENTITY view for each policy.
For example:
SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_POLICY_LABEL;
Output similar to the following appears:
IDENTITY_VALUE FACTOR_NAME POLICY_NAME LABEL ---------------- -------------- ---------------- --------- App_Host_Name Sect2_Fin_Apps Access Locations Sensitive
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
IDENTITY_VALUE |
VARCHAR(1024) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the factor identifier. |
FACTOR_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the factor associated with the factor identifier. |
POLICY_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the Oracle Label Security policy associated with this factor. |
LABEL |
VARCHAR(4000) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the Oracle Label Security label associated with the policy. |
The DBA_DV_PUB_PRIVS data dictionary view lists data reflected in the Oracle Database Vault privilege management reports used in the Oracle Database Vault Administrator (DV_ADMIN). See also "Privilege Management - Summary Reports".
For example:
SELECT USERNAME, ACCESS_TYPE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_PUB_PRIVS WHERE USERNAME = 'OE';
Output similar to the following appears:
USERNAME ACCESS_TYPE ----------- ----------------- OE PUBLIC
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
USERNAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Database schema in the current database instance.acces |
ACCESS_TYPE |
VARCHAR(30) |
Access type granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column (for example, PUBLIC). |
|
PRIVILEGE |
VARCHAR(40) |
NOT NULL |
Privilege granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column. |
OWNER |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Owner of the database schema to which the USERNAME user has been granted privileges. |
OBJECT_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the object within the schema listed in the OWNER column. |
The DBA_DV_REALM data dictionary view lists the realms created in the current database instance.
For example:
For example:
SELECT NAME, AUDIT_OPTIONS, ENABLED FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_REALM WHERE AUDIT_OPTIONS = '1';
Output similar to the following appears:
NAME AUDIT_OPTIONS ENABLED ----------------------------- ---------------- -------- Performance Statistics Realm 1 Y
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Names of the realms created. See"Default Realms" for a listing of default realms. |
DESCRIPTION |
VARCHAR(1024) |
NOT NULL |
Description of the realm created. |
AUDIT_OPTIONS |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Specifies whether auditing is enabled. Possible values are:
|
ENABLED |
VARCHAR(1) |
NOT NULL |
Specifies whether realm checking is enabled. Y (yes) indicates it is enabled; N (no) indicates it is not. |
The DBA_DV_REALM_AUTH data dictionary view lists the authorization of a named database user account or database role (GRANTEE) to access realm objects in a particular realm. See Defining Realm Authorization for more information.
For example:
SELECT REALM_NAME, GRANTEE, AUTH_RULE_SET_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_REALM_AUTH;
Output similar to the following appears:
REALM_NAME GRANTEE AUTH_RULE_SET_NAME ---------------------------- --------- --------------------- Performance Statistics Realm SYSADM Check Conf Access
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
REALM_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the realm. |
GRANTEE |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
User or role name to authorize as owner or participant. |
AUTH_RULE_SET_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
Rule set to check before authorizing. If the rule set evaluates to TRUE, then the authorization is allowed. |
|
AUTH_OPTIONS |
VARCHAR(4000) |
Type of realm authorization: either Participant or Owner. |
The DBA_DV_REALM_OBJECT data dictionary view lists the database schemas, or subsets of schemas with specific database objects contained therein, that are secured by the realms. See "Creating Realm-Secured Objects" for more information.
For example:
SELECT REALM_NAME, OWNER, OBJECT_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_REALM_OBJECT;
Output similar to the following appears:
REALM_NAME OWNER OBJECT_NAME ---------------------------- -------- ----------- Performance Statistics Realm OE ORDERS
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
REALM_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the realm. |
OWNER |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Database schema owner who owns the realm. |
OBJECT_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the object the realm protects. |
OBJECT_TYPE |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Type of object the realm protects, such as a database table, view, index, or role. |
The DBA_DV_ROLE data dictionary view lists the Oracle Database Vault secure application roles used in privilege management.
For example:
SELECT ROLE, RULE_NAME FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_ROLE;
Output similar to the following appears:
ROLE RULE_NAME ------------------ -------------------- Sector2_APP_MGR Check App2 Access Sector2_APP_DBA Check App2 Access
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
ROLE |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the secure application role. |
RULE_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the rule set associated with the secure application role. |
ENABLED |
VARCHAR(1) |
NOT NULL |
Indicates whether the secure application role is enabled. Y (yes) enables the role; N (no) disables it. |
The DBA_DV_RULE data dictionary view lists the rules that have been defined.
For example:
SELECT * FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_RULE WHERE NAME = 'Maintenance Window';
Output similar to the following appears:
NAME RULE_EXP ------------------- ---------------------------------------------- Maintenance Window TO_CHAR(SYSDATE,'HH24') BETWEEN '10' AND '12'
To find the rule sets that use specific rules, query the DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE view.
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the rule. |
RULE_EXPR |
VARCHAR(1024) |
NOT NULL |
PL/SQL expression for the rule. |
The DBA_DV_RULE_SET data dictionary view lists the rules sets that have been created.
For example:
SELECT RULE_SET_NAME, HANDLER_OPTIONS, HANDLER FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_RULE_SET WHERE RULE_SET_NAME = 'Maintenance Period';
Output similar to the following appears:
RULE_SET_NAME HANDLER_OPTIONS HANDLER ------------------- ---------------- ---------------------- Maintenance Period 1 dbavowner.email_alert
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
RULE_SET_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the rule set. |
DESCRIPTION |
VARCHAR(1024) |
Description of the rule set. | |
ENABLED |
VARCHAR(1) |
NOT NULL |
Indicates whether the rule set has been enabled. Y (yes) enables the rule set; N (no) disables it. |
EVAL_OPTIONS_MEANING |
VARCHAR(4000) |
For rules sets that contain multiple rules, determines how many rules are evaluated. Possible values are:
|
|
AUDIT_OPTIONS |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Indicates when auditing is used. Possible values are:
|
FAIL_OPTIONS_MEANING |
VARCHAR(4000) |
Determines when an audit record is created for the rule set. Possible values are:
|
|
FAIL_MESSAGE |
VARCHAR(80) |
Error message for failure that is associated with the fail code listed in the FAIL_CODE column. |
|
FAIL_CODE |
VARCHAR(10) |
The error message number associated with the message listed in the FAIL_MESSAGE column. Possible values are in the ranges of -20000 to -20999 or 20000 to 20999. |
|
HANDLER_OPTIONS |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
Determines how error handling is used. Possible values are:
|
HANDLER |
VARCHAR(1024) |
Name of the PL/SQL function or procedure that defines the custom event handler logic. | |
IS_STATIC |
VARCHAR2(5) |
Indicates how often the rule set is evaluated during a user session. Possible values are:
|
The DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE data dictionary view lists rules that are associated with existing rule sets.
For example:
SELECT RULE_SET_NAME, RULE_NAME, RULE_EXPR FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_RULE_SET_RULE WHERE RULE_NAME = 'Is Security Officer';
Output similar to the following appears:
RULE_SET_NAME RULE_NAME RULE_EXP
---------------------------- ------------------ ---------------------------------
Can Grant VPD Administration Is Security Owner DBMS_MACUTL.USER_HAS_ROLE_
VARCHAR('DV_OWNER',dvsys.dv_
login_user) = 'Y'
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
RULE_SET_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the rule set that contains the rule. |
RULE_NAME |
VARCHAR(90) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the rule. |
RULE_EXPR |
VARCHAR(1024) |
NOT NULL |
PL/SQL expression that defines the rule listed in the RULE_NAME column. |
ENABLED |
VARCHAR(1) |
Indicates whether the rule is enabled or disabled. Y (yes) enables the rule set; N (no) disables it. |
|
RULE_ORDER |
NUMBER |
NOT NULL |
The order in which rules are used within the rule set. Does not apply to this release. |
The DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS data dictionary view lists the privileges for a database user account excluding privileges granted through the PUBLIC role.
For example:
SELECT USERNAME, ACCESS_TYPE, PRIVILEGE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS;
Output similar to the following appears:
USERNAME ACCESS_TYPE PRIVILEGE --------- -------------------- ------------ DVSYS DV_PUBLIC EXECUTE DVOWNER DV_ADMIN SELECT SYS SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE SELECT ...
| Column | Datatype | Null | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
USERNAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the database schema account in which privileges have been defined. |
ACCESS_TYPE |
VARCHAR(30) |
Role the database user account listed in the USERNAME column uses to access the database. Oracle Database Vault accounts have direct access. |
|
PRIVILEGE |
VARCHAR(40) |
NOT NULL |
Privilege granted to the user listed in the USERNAME column. |
OWNER |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the database user account. |
OBJECT_NAME |
VARCHAR(30) |
NOT NULL |
Name of the PL/SQL function or procedure used to define privileges. |
The DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS_ALL data dictionary view lists the privileges for a database account including privileges granted through PUBLIC.
For example:
SELECT USERNAME, ACCESS_TYPE, PRIVILEGE FROM DVSYS.DBA_DV_USER_PRIVS;
Output similar to the following appears:
USERNAME ACCESS_TYPE PRIVILEGE ------------------- ------------ ----------------- AMALCOLM_DVACCTMGR CONNECT CREATE_SESSION LBROWN_DVOWNER DIRECT CREATE PROCEDURE ...
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