3 Installing Oracle Database

3.1.1 Installation Considerations on Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2

Following are the installation considerations on Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2:

• Open a command prompt with Administrator privileges.

• Use the separate installation media available for Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2.

3.1.2 Performing Multiple Oracle Database Installations

If you must perform multiple installations of Oracle Database, then you may want to use either of the following methods to install Oracle Database:

• Response files: At each node, you run Oracle Universal Installer from the command line using silent or noninteractive mode and you supply a response file to provide information Oracle Universal Installer needs. The response file is a text file containing the settings you normally enter in the Oracle Universal Installer GUI dialog boxes.

  See Also:

  Appendix C, "Installing and Configuring Oracle Database Using Response Files"

• Cloning the Oracle home of an existing Oracle Database installation: With this method, you install one instance of Oracle Database, and then clone its Oracle home for each additional installation.

  See Also:

  "Cloning an Oracle Home"

3.1.3 Installing onto Systems That Already Have Oracle Components

Follow these steps when other components exist on your computer:

1. Log on as a member of the Administrators group for the computer on which you want to install Oracle components.

   If you are installing on a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) or a Backup Domain Controller (BDC), log on as a member of the Domain Administrators group.

2. Delete the ORACLE_HOME environment variable if it exists. See the Microsoft online help for more information about deleting environment variables.

   Note:

   The ORACLE_HOME environment variable is automatically set in the registry. Manually setting this variable prevents installation.

3. Back up any databases you must upgrade. Review "Upgrade Considerations".

4. If you are installing in an existing Oracle Database 10g release 2 (10.2) home, stop all Oracle services.

   If any Oracle services (their names begin with Ora) exist and have the status Started, then stop them. In particular, ensure that all Oracle listener services are stopped.

   See Also:

   Your Microsoft online help for more information about stopping services

3.1.4 Installing with Minimum Memory Requirements

Installations of Oracle Database on computers with 1 GB of RAM and 2 GB of virtual memory have the following limitations:

• Computers with 256 MB of memory cannot run Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant, Oracle Database Configuration Assistant, or Oracle Net Services Configuration Assistant during an Oracle Universal Installer installation session.

• Depending on how many applications are being run on the computer, you must further increase the paging file size or reduce the size of the System Global Area (SGA) if you run out of virtual memory. If temporary files and the paging file are both stored on the same physical drive, the space requirements for one may limit the size of another. If your system has limited free space, first install the Oracle Database software. After the installation is finished, create a database with Oracle Database Configuration Assistant.

Do not install the database on computer systems that barely meet the minimum memory and virtual memory requirements, 256 MB and 512 MB respectively. Depending on the installation type you choose, follow these guidelines:

• Select Basic Installation and deselect Create Starter Database.

• Select Advanced Installation, select Do not create a starter database from the Select Database Configuration window.

• Select Advanced Installation, select the Custom installation type from the Select Installation Type window, and select No on the Create Database window when prompted to create the database.

• Cancel Oracle Database Configuration Assistant from the Configuration Assistants window.

After installation, run the appropriate configuration assistant for your needs:

• To create a new database, run Oracle Database Configuration Assistant. From the Start menu, select Programs, then Oracle - HOME_NAME, then Configuration and Migration Tools, then Database Configuration Assistant.

• To upgrade an existing database, run Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant. From the Start menu, select Programs, then Oracle - HOME_NAME, then Configuration and Migration Tools, then Database Upgrade Assistant.

3.3.1 Installing from a Remote DVD Drive

If the computer where you want to install Oracle Database does not have a DVD drive, then you can perform the installation from a remote DVD drive. You must complete the following steps:

• Step 1: On the Remote Computer, Share the DVD Drive

• Step 2: On the Local Computer, Map the DVD Drive

3.3.2 Installing on Remote Computers Through Remote Access Software

If you want to install and run Oracle Database on a remote computer (that is, the remote computer has the hard drive and runs Oracle Database components), but you do not have physical access to the computer, you still can perform the installation on the remote computer if it is running remote access software such as VNC or Symantec pcAnywhere. You also need the remote access software running on your local computer.

You can install Oracle Database on the remote computer in one of two ways:

• If you have copied the contents of the Oracle Database DVD to a hard drive, you can install the software from the hard drive.

• You can insert the DVD into a drive on your local computer, and install the software from the DVD.

3.3.3 Downloading Oracle Software from the Oracle Technology Network Web Site

You can download the installation files from the Oracle Technology Network (OTN) and extract them on your hard disk.

To download the installation files:

1. Use a browser to access the Oracle Technology Network software download page:

   http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/
   

2. Navigate to each of the download pages for the product to install.

3. On each download page, identify the required disk space by adding the file sizes for each required file. The file sizes are listed next to the file names.

4. Select a file system with enough free space to store and expand the files. In most cases, the available disk space must be at least twice the size of each compressed file.

5. On the file system that you just selected, create a parent directory for each product you plan to install, for example OraDB10g, to hold the installation directories.

6. Download all of the installation files to the directories that you just created.

7. Verify that the files you downloaded are the same size as the corresponding files on Oracle Technology Network.

8. Extract the files in each directory that you just created.

9. After you have extracted the required installation files, see the "Installing the Oracle Database Software" section.

3.3.4 Copying the Oracle Database Software to a Hard Disk

To copy the contents of the installation media to a hard disk:

1. Create a directory on your hard drive. For example:

   c:\> install\database
   

2. Copy the contents of the installation media to the directory that you just created.

3. After you have copied all of the required installation files, see the "Installing the Oracle Database Software" section.

3.5.1 Step 1: Reviewing Automatic Storage Management Installation Considerations

When you install Automatic Storage Management, follow these guidelines:

• Before you begin the installation, ensure that you have completed the steps in "Preparing Disk Groups for an Automatic Storage Management Installation" to prepare a disk partition to use for the ASM disk groups.

• Oracle recommends that you install Automatic Storage Management into its own Oracle home, regardless of whether you plan to have one or multiple database instances. Installing Automatic Storage Management into its own Oracle home helps ensure higher availability and manageability.

  With separate Oracle homes, you can upgrade Automatic Storage Management and databases independently, and you can deinstall database software without impacting the Automatic Storage Management instance. Ensure that the Automatic Storage Management instance version is the same or later than the Oracle Database version.

  If an Automatic Storage Management instance does not exist and you select the Oracle Universal Installer option to install and configure Automatic Storage Management only, Oracle Universal Installer installs Automatic Storage Management in its own Oracle home.

• Each computer that has one or more Oracle Database instances that use Automatic Storage Management must have one ASM instance. For example, if a computer has two Oracle Database instances that use ASM, you only need one ASM instance for that computer, to manage the two database instances that use ASM.

• When you install Automatic Storage Management, Oracle Database Configuration Assistant creates a separate server parameter file (SPFILE) and password file for the Automatic Storage Management instance.

3.5.2 Step 2: Creating the ASM Instance and ASM Disk Groups

The following steps explain how to create an ASM instance and an ASM disk group for storing the Oracle database files. You can create multiple disk groups for the ASM instance to manage, if you want. If you plan to use ASM for backup and recovery operations, Oracle recommends that you create a separate disk group for this purpose.

To install an ASM instance and configure its disk groups:

1. Log on as a member of the Administrators group to the computer on which to install Oracle components.

   If you are installing on a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) or a Backup Domain Controller (BDC), log on as a member of the Domain Administrators group.

2. Insert Oracle Database installation media and navigate to the database directory. Alternatively, navigate to the directory where you downloaded or copied the installation files. Double-click setup.exe to start Oracle Universal Installer.

   Use the same installation media to install Oracle Database on all supported Windows platforms.

3. In the Welcome window, select Advanced Installation and click Next.

   See Also:

   Table 3-1 for a detailed description of the windows used in this procedure

4. In the Select Installation Type window, select either Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, or Personal Edition, and then click Next.

5. In the Specify Home Details window, enter an Automatic Storage Management-specific name and directory location for the ASM instance.

   For example, you could change OraDB10g_home1 to OraDB10g+asm for the ASM home, and DRIVE_LETTER:\oracle\product\10.2.0\db_1 to DRIVE_LETTER:\oracle\product\10.2.0\asm.

6. Click Next.

7. In the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks window, check for and correct any errors that may have occurred when Oracle Universal Installer checked your system. Then click Next.

8. In the Select Configuration Option window, select Configure Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and then specify and confirm the ASM SYS password. Then click Next.

9. In the Configure Automatic Storage Management window, enter the following settings:

   This window lets you create the disk groups to use with the ASM instance. You must have an available partition to create disk groups.

   • Disk Group Name: Enter a name for the disk group.

   • Redundancy: Select one of the following choices to set the redundancy level for the disks within the disk group. If you do not specify a redundancy level, the disk group defaults to normal redundancy.

     • High: With this option, the contents of the disk group are three-way mirrored by default. To create a disk group with high redundancy, you must specify at least three failure groups (a minimum of three devices).

     • Normal: In a normal redundancy level, by default the data files of the disk group are two-way mirrored and the control files are three-way mirrored. You can choose to create certain files that are three-way mirrored or not mirrored. To create a disk group with normal redundancy, you must specify at least two failure groups (a minimum of two devices) for two-way mirroring.

     • External: If you select this option, Automatic Storage Management does not mirror the contents of the disk group. Choose this redundancy level when the disk group contains devices, such as RAID devices, that provide their own data protection; or your use of the database does not require uninterrupted access to data, for example, in a development environment where you have a suitable backup strategy.

   • Add Disks: Click Stamp Disks to start the asmtoolg GUI tool. In the asmtool operation dialog box, select Add or change label, and then click Next. From the list, select the disks to use for the disk group. To select multiple disks, hold down the Control key and click to pick individual disks, or hold down the Shift key to select disks in a group. To use a specific prefix for this disk group, select Generate stamps with this prefix and enter a name. Click Next, and in the next window, click Finish.

     After you click Finish, the Configure Automatic Storage Management window returns, with the disks you selected in the Add Disks list. From this list, select the disks you want to include in the disk group. To filter the display of disks, you can select Change Disk Discovery Path and enter a wildcard subset. For example, to list all disks ending with ORCLDISKDATA from 0 to 3, you enter \\.\ORCLDISKDATA[0–3].

10. Click Next.

11. In the Install window, check the installed contents, and then click Install.

12. To create another disk group for this instance, run Oracle Database Configuration Assistant and select the Configure Automatic Storage Management option.

At this stage, subsequent databases that you create are able to use Automatic Storage Management. If you have databases that were created before you installed ASM, you now can migrate them to ASM by using the Enterprise Manager Migrate Database wizard. This wizard is available in Enterprise Manager Grid Control or Database Control. Alternatively, you can use Oracle Database Recovery Manager (RMAN) to perform the migration.

3.5.3 Step 3: Installing Oracle Database to Use with Automatic Storage Management

After you have created the ASM instance and ASM disk groups, you are ready to create a database instance that can use Automatic Storage Management.

1. Log on as a member of the Administrators group to the computer on which to install Oracle components.

   If you are installing on a Primary Domain Controller (PDC) or a Backup Domain Controller (BDC), log on as a member of the Domain Administrators group.

2. If you are installing Oracle Database on a computer with multiple home or multiple aliases, use System in the Control Panel to create the ORACLE_HOSTNAME system environment variable. Set this variable to point to the host name of the computer on which you are installing Oracle Database.

   See Also:

   • "Setting the ORACLE_HOSTNAME Environment Variable"

   • "Installing Oracle Database on Computers with Multiple IP Addresses"

   • "Installing Oracle Database on Computers with Multiple Aliases"

3. Start Oracle Universal Installer.

4. In the Welcome window, select Advanced Installation and click Next.

   See Also:

   Table 3-1 for a detailed description of the windows used in this procedure

5. In the Select Installation Type window, select from the installation types (Enterprise Edition, Standard Edition, Personal Edition, or Custom), and then click Next.

6. In the Specify Home Details window, select a different Oracle home from the home used for Automatic Storage Management.

7. If you selected the Custom installation type, select from the products to install.

8. In the Product-Specific Prerequisite Checks window, check for and correct any errors that may have occurred when Oracle Universal Installer checked your system. Then, click Next.

9. In the Select Configuration Option window, select Create a Database.

10. In the Select Database Configuration window, select from the database types displayed and click Next.

11. In the Specify Database Configuration Options window, enter the following settings and then click Next.

    • Database Naming: Enter a name for the database.

    • Database Character Set: Select the database character set to use. The default offered is based on the character set that your operating system uses.

    • Database Examples: Select this option to create the EXAMPLE tablespace, which contains sample schemas. (Optional, but recommended)

12. In the Select Database Management Option window, select either Use Grid Control for Database Management if you have Oracle Enterprise Manager installed, or if you do not have Enterprise Manager, select Use Database Control for Database Management. Optionally, select Enable Email Notifications and then enter the outgoing SMTP server and e-mail address. Then, click Next.

    After you complete the installation, you can use either of these utilities to manage the Automatic Storage Management instance.

13. In the Specify Database Storage Option window, select Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and click Next.

14. In the Specify Backup and Recovery Options window, select the following:

    • Enable Automated Backups: Select this option, and then select Automatic Storage Management.

    • Backup Job Credentials: Enter the user name and password of the person responsible for managing backups.

15. Click Next.

16. In the Select ASM Disk Group window, select the ASM disk group that you created in "Step 2: Creating the ASM Instance and ASM Disk Groups" for recovery and backups.

    If the ASM disks that you selected do not provide enough space, the Configure Storage Management window appears so that you can select additional disks as needed. As you select the disks, the Required Storage Space area adjusts the sizes displayed. Ideally, the Additional Space Needed value is a negative number.

17. Click Next.

18. In the Specify Database Schema Passwords window, enter and confirm passwords for the privileged database accounts, then click Next.

19. In the Summary window, check that the contents to be installed are correct, and then click Install.

3.5.4 Step 4: Testing the Automatic Storage Management Installation

To test the Automatic Storage Management installation, try logging on to the ASM instance by using SQL*Plus or iSQL*Plus.

Follow these steps:

1. In the Services Control Panel, ensure that the OracleASMService+ASM service has started.

2. Open a Windows command prompt and temporarily set the ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID to point to your ASM instance.

   For example, if the ASM SID, which is named +ASM, is located in the asm directory under the ORACLE_BASE directory, you would enter commands similar to the following:

   SYSTEM_DRIVE:\> set ORACLE_SID = +ASM
   SYSTEM_DRIVE:\> set ORACLE_HOME = c:\oracle\product\10.2.0\asm
   

3. From the same Windows command prompt session, connect to the ASM instance as the SYS user with SYSDBA privilege and start the instance if necessary:

   SYSTEM_DRIVE:\> sqlplus sys/SYS_password as sysdba
   SQL> STARTUP
   

4. Enter the following command to view the existing disk groups, their redundancy level, and the amount of free disk space in each one:

   SQL> SELECT NAME,TYPE,TOTAL_MB,FREE_MB FROM V$ASM_DISKGROUP;